Symmetric key encryption and public-key encryption are the basis for any VPN, no matter how modest or convoluted, and that’s the answer to your question. 

These are paired with at least one of the following protocols: L2TP, PPTP, OpenVPN, IPSec, and SSL.

Not all data is created equal, however, and neither is it protected in an identical manner. With that in mind, it’s important to understand A VPN tends to achieve two things: it secures the contents of your queries and their responses, and it obfuscates your identity by assigning it a random, unaffiliated address before sending any particular communications into the wilderness.

Even in an almost unfathomable scenario in which the encryption fails, there is just no forensically feasible way to track any intercepted data back to you through reverse engineering and whatnot.

Similar questions to “Which process is used to protect transmitted data in a vpn?”:

We also answered these questions, do check them out:

1. What dedicated hardware device aggregates hundreds or thousands of vpn connections?
2. Which VPN protocol uses UDP Port 1701 and does not provide confidentiality and authentication?
3. Before ipsec can be used as a virtual private network (VPN) service, what must be created?
4. When employees have multiple concurrent connections, what might be happening to the VPN system?
5. What does a VPN use to ensure that any transmissions that are intercepted will be indecipherable?
6. Which VPN protocol works at Layer 3 and can encrypt the entire TCP/IP packet?